One of my friend asked for a PowerShell script for Nutanix Windows virtual machine cloning and configuration. This PowerShell script automates the process of cloning virtual machines and joining them to a domain. It uses the Nutanix PowerShell module to interact with the Nutanix cluster and clone virtual machines.
In short what does this script do?
This script reads a CSV file containing the source VM names, new VM names, IP addresses, and other configuration details. It clones each source VM using the Nutanix PowerShell module. After cloning, it powers on the new VM and waits for it to become available. The script then configures the new VM's network settings using an unattend.xml file. It joins the new VM to the domain using a PowerShell script. Finally, the script cleans up temporary files and logs the results.
Download this complete script bundle Nutanix windows vm clone zip here | It is also available on github.com.
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#Import-Module Nutanix.Cli -Prefix Ntnx #Import-Module Nutanix.Prism.Common -Prefix Ntnx #Import-Module Nutanix.Prism.PS.Cmds -Prefix Ntnx #Import-Module Posh-SSH $prism = '192.168.34.101' $userName = 'admin' $password = 'Computer@123' $csvFile = 'WINDOWS-inputparameters.csv' $prismSecureString = ConvertTo-SecureString -String $password -Force -AsPlainText $domainUserName = 'vjanvi' $domainPassword = 'Computer@123' $sourceVMUsername = 'administrator' $sourceVMPassword = 'Computer@123' $vmSecureString = ConvertTo-SecureString -String $sourceVMPassword -Force -AsPlainText $vmCredential = [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]::new($sourceVMUsername,$vmSecureString) function Show-ProgressInfo { [CmdletBinding()] param ( [int] $totalSeconds = 360 ) $updateIntervalSeconds = 1 # spinner refresh $progressIntervalSeconds = 60 # 1 minute per progress update $spinner = @('/', '|', '-', '\') $spinnerIndex = 0 $startTime = Get-Date $endTime = $startTime.AddSeconds($totalSeconds) while ((Get-Date) -lt $endTime) { $elapsedSeconds = (Get-Date) - $startTime $elapsedSeconds = [int]$elapsedSeconds.TotalSeconds # Calculate progress in minutes $progressPercent = [math]::Min( [math]::Floor(($elapsedSeconds / $totalSeconds) * 100), 100 ) $elapsedMinutes = [math]::Floor($elapsedSeconds / 60) $spinChar = $spinner[$spinnerIndex % $spinner.Count] $spinnerIndex++ Write-Host -NoNewline "`r$spinChar Running... $elapsedMinutes minute(s) elapsed | Progress: $progressPercent%" Start-Sleep -Seconds $updateIntervalSeconds } Write-Host "`r✔ Completed: 6 minutes elapsed | Progress: 100% } $ntnxConnection = Connect-NTNXCluster -Server $prism -UserName $userName -Password $prismSecureString -AcceptInvalidSSLCerts -ForcedConnection #Connect-NutanixV3PrismServer #Disconnect-NutanixV3PrismServer Connect-NtnxPrismCentral Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | Server: $($ntnxConnection.Server) | IsConnected: $($ntnxConnection.IsConnected) | UserName: $($ntnxConnection.UserName)" $currentPath = $PSScriptRoot $csvInfo = Import-Csv -Path $currentPath\$csvFile foreach ($row in $csvInfo) { $sourceVMName = $row.SourceVMName $sourceVM = Get-NTNXVM | Where-Object {$_.vmName -eq $sourceVMName } $newVMName = $row.NewVMName Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | SourceVM: $sourceVMName | isFound: Yes" $cloneSpec = New-NTNXObject -Name VMCloneSpecDTO $cloneSpec.name = $newVMName Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | isCloning: Yes" Clone-NTNXVirtualMachine -vmId $sourceVM.VmId -SpecList $cloneSpec | Out-Null $cloneTask = Get-NTNXTask | Where-Object {($_.operationType -match 'VmClone|SnapshotCreate') -or ($_.progressStatus -eq 'VmClone')} While ($cloneTask) { Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | OperationType: $($cloneTask.operationType[0]) | ProgressStatus: $($cloneTask.progressStatus[0])" $cloneTask = Get-NTNXTask | Where-Object {($_.operationType -match 'VmClone|SnapshotCreate') -or ($_.progressStatus -eq 'VmClone')} #$cloneTask | Select-Object operationType, progressStatus Start-Sleep -Seconds 10 } Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | isCloned: Yes" #Write-Host "PowerOn VM: $newVMName" $createdVM = Get-NTNXVM | Where-Object {$_.vmName -eq $newVMName } $powerOnTask = Set-NTNXVMPowerOn -VmId $createdVM.vmId While (Test-Connection -ComputerName $row.SourceVMIP -Count 1 -Quiet ) { #$powerOnTask Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | isPoweredOn: Running" Start-Sleep -Seconds 15 } Start-Sleep -Seconds 10 Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | isPoweredOn: Completed" Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | PrepareUnattend: Running" $unattendEntries = @{ HOSTNAME = $row.NewVMName #'ritesh1' ETHCONTROLLERNAME = $row.SourceVMEthName #'Ethernet' IPV4ADDRESSLASHSSUBNET = "$($row.NewVMIP)/$($row.NewVMSubnet)" #'172.17.218.168/22' IPV4GATEWAY = $row.NewVMGateway #'172.17.216.1' ADMINUSERNAME = $sourceVMUsername ADMINPASSWORD = $sourceVMPassword } if (Test-Path -Path $currentPath\suppliments\unattend.xml) { Remove-Item -Path $currentPath\suppliments\unattend.xml -Force } $unattend = Get-Content $currentPath\suppliments\template-unattend.xml foreach ($entry in $unattendEntries.keys) { $unattend = $unattend.Replace($entry, $unattendEntries[$entry]) } $unattend | Out-File -FilePath $currentPath\suppliments\unattend.xml -Encoding utf8 Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | PrepareUnattend: Completed" Start-Sleep -Seconds 90 try { Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | OpenSession: Running | RemoteCommand: Running" $oldIPSession = New-PSSession -ComputerName $row.SourceVMIP -Credential $vmCredential -ErrorAction Stop $initialConf = Invoke-Command -Session $oldIPSession -ScriptBlock { if (-not (Test-Path -Path C:\Temp)) { New-Item -Path C:\ -Name Temp -ItemType Directory -Force } New-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System -PropertyType String -Name LegalNoticeCaption -Value '' -Force New-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System -PropertyType String -Name LegalNoticeText -Value '' -Force #reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System" /v LegalNoticeCaption /t REG_SZ /d "" #reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System" /v LegalNoticeText /t REG_SZ /d "" } $initialConf | Out-Null #| Select-Object PSComputerName, PSPath Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | OpenSession: Completed | RemoteCommand: Completed" } catch { Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | OpenSession: Failed | RemoteCommand: Failed" } Start-Sleep -Seconds 15 Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | OpenRDP: Running" cmdkey /generic:$($row.SourceVMIP) /user:$sourceVMUsername /pass:$sourceVMPassword #to support rdp without certificate warning #HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Terminal Server Client >> New DWORD (32-bit) >> Value Name AuthenticationLevelOverride >> Value data to 0 (zero) mstsc /v:$($row.SourceVMIP) Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | OpenRDP: Completed" Start-Sleep -Seconds 30 Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | UnattendPushed: Running" Copy-Item -Path $currentPath\suppliments\unattend.xml -Destination C:\Temp -ToSession $oldIPSession Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | UnattendPushed: Completed | BatchPushed: Running | LoggedInUserFound: Running" try { $remoteLoggedInUsers = Invoke-Command -Session $oldIPSession -ScriptBlock { 'C:\Windows\System32\Sysprep\Sysprep.exe /generalize /reboot /oobe /unattend:C:\Temp\unattend.xml' > C:\Temp\generalize.bat quser } -ErrorAction Stop $loggedInUserId = ($remoteLoggedInUsers[1] -Split '\s+')[3] Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | BatchPushed: Yes | LoggedInUserFound: Yes" } catch { Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | LoggedInUserFound: No" -BackgroundColor DarkRed return } Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | ClonedNewVM: $newVMName | Sysprep: Running" #PsExec.exe \\$($oldIPSession.ComputerName) -u Administrator -p 's#rT9012' -accepteula -nobanner -i 1 -d -c -f $currentPath\suppliments\generalize.bat PsExec.exe \\$($oldIPSession.ComputerName) -u $sourceVMUsername -p $sourceVMPassword -accepteula -nobanner -n 120 -i $loggedInUserId -c -f $currentPath\suppliments\generalize.bat #Start-Sleep -Seconds 360 Show-ProgressInfo -totalSeconds 360 Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | PreparedNewVM: $newVMName | Sysprep: Completed" Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | PingTest: Running" if (Test-Connection -ComputerName $row.SourceVMIP -Quiet -Count 1) { Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | Source IP $($row.SourceVMIP) still reachable ... halting" -BackgroundColor DarkRed return } if (Test-Connection -ComputerName $row.NewVMIP -Quiet -Count 2) { Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | New IP $($row.SourceVMIP) reachable" } else { Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | New IP $($row.SourceVMIP) unreachable ... halting" -BackgroundColor DarkRed return } Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | PingTest: Completed" Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | PrepareDominJoinScript: Running" "`$userName = '$domainUsername'" | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" "`$password = '$domainPassword'" | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" -Append "# create secure string from plain-text string" | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" -Append "`$secureString = ConvertTo-SecureString -AsPlainText -Force -String `$password" | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" -Append "# convert secure string to encrypted string (for safe-ish storage to config/file/etc.)" | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" -Append "`$encryptedString = ConvertFrom-SecureString -SecureString `$secureString" | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" -Append "# convert encrypted string back to secure string" | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" -Append "`$secureString = ConvertTo-SecureString -String `$encryptedString" | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" -Append "# use secure string to create credential object" | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" -Append "`$credential = New-Object -TypeName System.Management.Automation.PSCredential -ArgumentList `$userName,`$secureString" | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" -Append "Add-Computer -DomainName vcloud-lab.com -Credential `$credential #-Restart -Force" | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" -Append '$error[0].Exception.Message | Out-File -FilePath c:\temp\errors.log' | Out-File -FilePath "$currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1" -Append Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | PrepareDominJoinScript: Completed" Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | OpenNewSession: Running | CopyFileRemotely: Running" $newIPSession = New-PSSession -ComputerName $row.NewVMIP -Credential $vmCredential -ErrorAction Stop $newVMDetails = Copy-Item -Path $currentPath\suppliments\Join-Domain.ps1 -Destination C:\Temp -ToSession $newIPSession Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | OpenNewSession: Completed | CopyFileRemotely: Completed" Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | RemoteDomainJoin: Running" $domainJoin = Invoke-Command -Session $newIPSession -ScriptBlock { & 'C:\temp\Join-Domain.ps1' Restart-Computer -Force } $domainJoin | Out-Null #Restart-Computer -ComputerName $row.NewVMIP -Credential $vmCredential -Force Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | RemoteDomainJoin: Completed | Cleanup: Running" cmdkey /delete:$($row.SourceVMIP) try { Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | RemoteCleanup: Running" #$newIPSession = New-PSSession -ComputerName $row.NewVMIP -Credential $vmCredential -ErrorAction Stop $cleanup = Invoke-Command -Session $newIPSession -ScriptBlock { Remove-Item -Path C:\Temp\* -Recurse -Force } $cleanup | Out-Null } catch { Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | OpenNewSession: Failed | RemoteCommand: Failed" } Write-Host "$((Get-Date).DateTime) | NewVM: $newVMName | Cleanup: Completed" } |
Related Article: Automating Linux VM Cloning and IP Configuration on Nutanix with PowerShell
This script automates the cloning and domain joining process, saves time and reduces manual errors. Uses PowerShell to interact with the Nutanix cluster and virtual machines.
Configures network settings and joins the domain using a script, ensuring consistency and reliability.
Below are the requirement:
Nutanix PowerShell module installed and configured. It can be download from prism central portal.
CSV file containing the source VM names, new VM names, IP addresses, and other configuration details.
Unattend.xml file template for configuring network settings.
PowerShell script for joining the domain.
Below is unattend.xml example.
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <unattend xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:unattend"> <settings pass="windowsPE"> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core-WinPE" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <SetupUILanguage> <UILanguage>en-US</UILanguage> </SetupUILanguage> <InputLocale>en-US</InputLocale> <SystemLocale>en-US</SystemLocale> <UILanguage>en-US</UILanguage> <UserLocale>en-US</UserLocale> </component> </settings> <settings pass="specialize"> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <ComputerName>HOSTNAME</ComputerName> </component> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-TCPIP" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <Interfaces> <Interface wcm:action="add"> <Identifier>ETHCONTROLLERNAME</Identifier> <Ipv4Settings> <DhcpEnabled>false</DhcpEnabled> </Ipv4Settings> <UnicastIpAddresses> <IpAddress wcm:action="add" wcm:keyValue="1">IPV4ADDRESSLASHSSUBNET</IpAddress> </UnicastIpAddresses> <Routes> <Route wcm:action="add"> <Identifier>1</Identifier> <Prefix>0.0.0.0/0</Prefix> <NextHopAddress>IPV4GATEWAY</NextHopAddress> </Route> </Routes> </Interface> </Interfaces> </component> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-DNS-Client" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <Interfaces> <Interface wcm:action="add"> <Identifier>ETHCONTROLLERNAME</Identifier> <DNSServerSearchOrder> <IpAddress wcm:action="add" wcm:keyValue="1">192.168.34.11</IpAddress> <IpAddress wcm:action="add" wcm:keyValue="2">192.168.34.12</IpAddress> </DNSServerSearchOrder> <EnableAdapterDomainNameRegistration>true</EnableAdapterDomainNameRegistration> <DisableDynamicUpdate>false</DisableDynamicUpdate> </Interface> </Interfaces> </component> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Deployment" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <RunSynchronous> <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add"> <Order>1</Order> <Description>Remove Legal Caption</Description> <Path>reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System" /v LegalNoticeCaption /t REG_SZ /d "" /f</Path> </RunSynchronousCommand> <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add"> <Order>2</Order> <Description>Remove Legal Text</Description> <Path>reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System" /v LegalNoticeText /t REG_SZ /d "" /f</Path> </RunSynchronousCommand> </RunSynchronous> </component> </settings> <settings pass="oobeSystem"> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <AutoLogon> <Password> <Value>ADMINPASSWORD</Value> <PlainText>true</PlainText> </Password> <Enabled>true</Enabled> <LogonCount>1</LogonCount> <Username>ADMINUSERNAME</Username> </AutoLogon> <UserAccounts> <AdministratorPassword> <Value>ADMINPASSWORD</Value> <PlainText>true</PlainText> </AdministratorPassword> </UserAccounts> <OOBE> <HideEULAPage>true</HideEULAPage> <HideLocalAccountScreen>true</HideLocalAccountScreen> <HideOEMRegistrationScreen>true</HideOEMRegistrationScreen> <HideOnlineAccountScreens>true</HideOnlineAccountScreens> <HideWirelessSetupInOOBE>true</HideWirelessSetupInOOBE> <ProtectYourPC>1</ProtectYourPC> </OOBE> </component> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <InputLocale>en-US</InputLocale> <SystemLocale>en-US</SystemLocale> <UILanguage>en-US</UILanguage> <UserLocale>en-US</UserLocale> </component> </settings> </unattend> |
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